1. Overcharge:

Overcharging is when you continue to charge the lithium battery after it is fully charged or charging it beyond its maximum charging voltage limit. This can cause irreversible changes in the structure of the cathode active material and the decomposition of the electrolyte, generating gas and releasing a large amount of heat. As a result, the internal pressure and temperature of the battery rise sharply, posing a risk of explosion or fire.

2. Over-discharge:

Over-discharge is when you continue to discharge the lithium battery after its voltage drops below the discharge cutoff voltage. Discharging should stop when the battery voltage reaches a certain specified value, and the battery should be recharged to restore its energy storage state. Continuing to discharge below this value is considered over-discharge, which can cause damage to the battery's electrode active materials, reduce capacity, increase internal resistance, shorten lifespan, and cause irreversible damage.

3. How to Avoid:

Proper usage can effectively prevent overcharging and over-discharging. Remove the charger (charging cable) promptly after the battery is fully charged; recharge the battery promptly when it is low (after discharging); when storing for a long period, keep the battery at a certain charge level and check it regularly.